Jurisdiction - The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a certain type of case. It also is used as a synonym for venue, meaning the geographic area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to decide cases.⏎
Judge - An official of the Judicial branch with authority to decide lawsuits brought before courts. Used generically, the term judge may also refer to all judicial officers, including Supreme Court justices.⏎
Joint petition - One bankruptcy petition filed by a husband and wife together.⏎
In camera - Latin, meaning in a judge's chambers. Often means outside the presence of a jury and the public. In private.⏎
Judgment - The official decision of a court finally resolving the dispute between the parties to the lawsuit.