Contract - An agreement between two or more people that creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing.⏎
Claim - A creditor's assertion of a right to payment from a debtor or the debtor's property.⏎
Common law - The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States, which relies on the articulation of legal principles in a historical succession of judicial decisions. Common law principles can be changed by legislation.⏎
De jure - Latin, meaning "in law." Something that exists by operation of law.⏎